Arduino C Grammar

Arduino grammar is built on the basis of C/C + +, in fact is also the basic C grammar, Arduino grammar not only put some related parameters Settings are function change, we have no need to understand his bottom, let us to know AVR micro control unit (MCU) friend can also easy to fit in. So here I'll simple comment the Arduino grammar.

Control Structures

　 If 　 if...else 　 for 　 switch case 　 while 　 do... while 　 break 　 continue 　 return 　 goto

Further Syntax

　 ; 　 {} 　 // 　 /* */

Operators

  ++
  --
  +=
  -=

　 *= 　 /=

  =

　 +

  -

　 * 　 / 　 % 　 == 　 != 　 < 　 > 　 <= 　 >= 　 && 　 || 　 !

Data type

  boolean	

　 char 　 byte 　 int 　 unsigned int 　 long 　 unsigned long 　 float 　 double 　 string 　 array 　 void

Constant

  HIGH | LOW  Said digital IO port level, HIGH  Said high level(1), LOW  Said low electric flat(0).
  INPUT | OUTPUT  Said digital IO port direction, INPUT  Said input (high impedance state)                  
  OUTPUT Said output (AVR can provide 5 v voltage and ma current).
  TURE | FALSE true(1) , false(0）.

All above are the basic c grammar words and symbols, everybody can understand, and the specific use can combine experimental procedure.

Structure

• void setup() The setup() function is called when a sketch starts. Use it to initialize variables, pin modes, start using libraries, etc. The setup function will only run once, after each power up or reset of the Arduino board. • void loop() After creating a setup() function, which initializes and sets the initial values, the loop() function does precisely what its name suggests, and loops consecutively, allowing your program to change and respond. Use it to actively control the Arduino board.

Function

• Digital I/O pinMode(pin, mode) pin 0~13, mode is input or output. digitalWrite(pin, value) pin 0~13, value is HIGH or LOW. int digitalRead(pin) pin 0~13, value is HIGH or LOW. • Analog I/O int analogRead(pin) pin 0~5. analogWrite(pin, value) pin 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, value is 0 to 255

Time

delay(ms)Pauses the program for the amount of time (in miliseconds) specified as parameter. (There are 1000 milliseconds in a second.)(unit ms). delayMicroseconds(us)

==== Math ==== 　 min(x, y) minimum value max(x, y) maximum value abs(x) absolute value constrain(x, a, b) Constraint function, lower limit a upper limit b, x must be between a & b to be returned map(value, fromLow, fromHigh, toLow, toHigh) pow(base, exponent) extraction of square root sq(x) square sqrt(x) Square root